Una alternativa a la tabla de rangos (que tiene mi preferencia), una respuesta de una sola fila podría ser:
SELECT
SUM(IF(age < 20,1,0)) as 'Under 20',
SUM(IF(age BETWEEN 20 and 29,1,0)) as '20 - 29',
SUM(IF(age BETWEEN 30 and 39,1,0)) as '30 - 39',
SUM(IF(age BETWEEN 40 and 49,1,0)) as '40 - 49',
...etc.
FROM inquiries;