A menudo necesitamos monitorear la sesión de la base de datos de Oracle por razones de rendimiento, buscar bloqueos, obtener la ubicación de los archivos de datos, rehacer archivos, obtener información sobre db_links. Aquí están los mejores scripts de dba de Oracle para la base de datos de Oracle con fines administrativos y de monitoreo
Script para encontrar el sid de la sesión en la que ha iniciado sesión
select distinct(sid) from v$mystat;
Script para ver todas las sesiones activas
select username,osuser,sid,serial#, program,sql_hash_value,module from v$session where username is not null and status ='ACTIVE' and module is not null;
Script para ver camareros
set linesize 1000 column waiting_session heading ‘WAITING|SESSION’ column holding_session heading ‘HOLDING|SESSION’ column lock_type format a15 column mode_held format a15 column mode_requested format a15select waiting_session, holding_session, lock_type, mode_held, mode_requested, lock_id1, lock_id2 from dba_waiters /
Script sobre cómo se activa la transacción en la base de datos
col RBS format a15 trunc col SID format 9999 col USER format a15 trunc col COMMAND format a60 trunc col status format a8 trunc select r.name "RBS", s.sid, s.serial#, s.username "USER", t.status, t.cr_get, t.phy_io, t.used_ublk, t.noundo, substr(s.program, 1, 78) "COMMAND" from v$session s, v$transaction t, v$rollname r where t.addr = s.taddr and t.xidusn = r.usn order by t.cr_get, t.phy_io /
Script para supervisar las consultas de ejecución prolongada
set linesize 1000 select OPNAME, sid,SOFAR/TOTALWORK*100, to_char(start_time,'dd-mon-yy hh:mi') started, elapsed_seconds/60,time_remaining/60 from v$session_longops where sid =&sid
Script para ver todos los objetos de bloqueo
set term on; set lines 130; column sid_ser format a12 heading 'session,|serial#'; column username format a12 heading 'os user/|db user'; column process format a9 heading 'os|process'; column spid format a7 heading 'trace|number'; column owner_object format a35 heading 'owner.object'; column locked_mode format a13 heading 'locked|mode'; column status format a8 heading 'status'; select substr(to_char(l.session_id)||','||to_char(s.serial#),1,12) sid_ser, substr(l.os_user_name||'/'||l.oracle_username,1,12) username, l.process, p.spid, substr(o.owner||'.'||o.object_name,1,35) owner_object, decode(l.locked_mode, 1,'No Lock', 2,'Row Share', 3,'Row Exclusive', 4,'Share', 5,'Share Row Excl', 6,'Exclusive',null) locked_mode, substr(s.status,1,8) status from v$locked_object l, all_objects o, v$session s, v$process p where l.object_id = o.object_id and l.session_id = s.sid and s.paddr = p.addr and s.status != 'KILLED' /
Script para ver eventos de espera
set linesize 1000
column sid format 999
column username format a15 wrapped
column spid format a8
column event format a30 wrapped
column osuser format a12 wrapped
column machine format a25 wrapped
column program format a30 wrapped
select sw.sid sid
, p.spid spid
, s.username username
, s.osuser osuser
, sw.event event
, s.machine machine
, s.program program
from v$session_wait sw
, v$session s
, v$process p
where s.paddr = p.addr
and event not in ('pipe get','client message')
and sw.sid = s.sid
/
Script para ver las esperas de sesiones particulares
select sid,seq#,wait_time,event,seconds_in_wait,state from v$session_wait where sid in (&sid);
Script para ver todos los usuarios que acceden a esos objetos
column object format a30 column owner format a10 select * from v$access where object='&object_name' /
El script brinda información sobre las sesiones de usuario que bloquean un objeto en particular
set linesize 1000
column program format a15
column object format a15
select substr(username||'('|| se0.sid||')',1,5) "User Session",
substr(owner,1,5) "Object Owner",
substr(object,1,15) "Object",
se0.sid,
substr(serial#,1,6) "Serial#",
substr(program,1,15) "Program",
logon_time "Logon Time",
process "Unix Process"
from v$access ac, v$session se0
where ac.sid = se0.sid
and Object = '&PACKAGE'
order by logon_time,"Object Owner","Object"
/
Script para ver el plan de explicación en Oracle para la declaración en el caché de la biblioteca
set linesize 9999
column QUERY format a999
set pages 250
set head off
set verify off
select id,lpad(' ',2*(depth-1)) || depth ||'.' || nvl(position,0) || ' '|| operation || ' '|| options || ' '|| object_name ||' '
||'cost= '|| to_char(cost)||' '|| optimizer "QUERY"
from v$sql_plan
where hash_value = &sql_hash_value
order by child_number,id
/
Script para encontrar la ubicación del servidor
select nvl(username,'ORACLE SHADOW PROCESS'), machine from v$session where username is null and rownum < 2 /
Script para ver el uso del segmento de clasificación superior
col sid format 999999 col spid format a6 col tablespace format a10 col username format a25 col noexts format 9999 head EXTS col proginfo format a25 trunc col mbused format 999,999.90 col status format a1 trunc set verify off select * from ( select s.sid, s.status, b.spid, s.sql_hash_value sesshash, u.SQLHASH sorthash, s.username, u.tablespace, sum(u.blocks*p.value/1024/1024) mbused , sum(u.extents) noexts, u.segtype, s.module || ' - ' || s.program proginfo from v$sort_usage u, v$session s, v$parameter p, v$process b where u.session_addr = s.saddr and p.name = 'db_block_size' and b.addr = s.paddr group by s.sid,s.status,b.spid,s.sql_hash_value,u.sqlhash,s.username,u.tablespace, u.segtype, s.module || ' - ' || s.program order by 8 desc,4) where rownum < 11;
Script para verificar el último analizado para las tablas en la declaración sql
set lin 1000
set verify off
col owner format a15
col object_name format a25
col object_type format a12
col "LAST ANALYZED" format a13
select do.OWNER,do.OBJECT_NAME,OBJECT_TYPE,
decode (OBJECT_TYPE,'TABLE' , (Select LAST_ANALYZED from dba_tables where owner=do.owner and TABLE_NAME=do.object_name) ,'INDEX' , (Select LAST_ANALYZED from dba_indexes where owner=do.owner and INDEX_NAME=do.object_name) ,'UNKNOWN') "LAST ANALYZED",STATUS
from DBA_OBJECTS do
where OBJECT_TYPE in ('TABLE','INDEX')
and (OWNER,OBJECT_NAME) in (select OBJECT_OWNER,OBJECT_NAME from V$SQL_PLAN where HASH_VALUE=&1)
/
Para verificar los bloqueos y pines de Library Cache
select /*+ all_rows */ w1.sid waiting_session, h1.sid holding_session, w.kgllktype lock_or_pin, w.kgllkhdl address, decode(h.kgllkmod, 0, 'None', 1, 'Null', 2, 'Share', 3, 'Exclusive', 'Unknown') mode_held, decode(w.kgllkreq, 0, 'None', 1, 'Null', 2, 'Share', 3, 'Exclusive', 'Unknown') mode_requested from dba_kgllock w, dba_kgllock h, v$session w1, v$session h1 where (((h.kgllkmod != 0) and (h.kgllkmod != 1) and ((h.kgllkreq = 0) or (h.kgllkreq = 1))) and (((w.kgllkmod = 0) or (w.kgllkmod= 1)) and ((w.kgllkreq != 0) and (w.kgllkreq != 1)))) and w.kgllktype = h.kgllktype and w.kgllkhdl = h.kgllkhdl and w.kgllkuse = w1.saddr and h.kgllkuse = h1.saddr /
Para comprobar la ubicación del archivo de control
col name format a60 heading "Control Files" select name from sys.v_$controlfile /
Para comprobar la ubicación del registro de rehacer
col Grp format 9999 col member format a50 heading "Online REDO Logs" col File# format 9999 col name format a50 heading "Online REDO Logs" break on Grp select group#,member from sys.v_$logfile /
Para verificar la ubicación del archivo de datos
col Tspace format a25 col status format a3 heading Sta col Id format 9999 col Mbyte format 999999999 col name format a50 heading "Database Data Files" col Reads format 99,999,999 col Writes format 99,999,999 break on report compute sum label 'Total(MB)' of Mbyte on report select F.file_id Id, F.file_name name, F.bytes/(1024*1024) Mbyte, decode(F.status,'AVAILABLE','OK',F.status) status, F.tablespace_name Tspace from sys.dba_data_files F order by tablespace_name;
Activar/desactivar la extensión automática para Tablespaces:
select substr(file_name,1,50), AUTOEXTENSIBLE from dba_data_files (OR) SQL> select tablespace_name,AUTOEXTENSIBLE from dba_data_files;
Cómo comprobar los parámetros de subrayado
SELECT X.KSPPINM NAME, DECODE(BITAND(KSPPIFLG/256, 1), 1, 'TRUE', 'FALSE') SESMOD,
DECODE( BITAND(KSPPIFLG/65536, 3), 1, 'IMMEDIATE', 2, 'DEFERRED', 3, 'IMMEDIATE', 'FALSE' ) SYSMOD,
KSPPDESC DESCRIPTION
FROM SYS.X_$KSPPI X WHERE X.INST_ID = USERENV('INSTANCE') AND
TRANSLATE(KSPPINM,'_','#') LIKE '#%' ORDER BY 1 ;
Cómo mostrar enlaces DBA
set linesize 128 pages 1000 col owner format a15 col db_link format a15 col username format a20 col host format a15 col name format a30 Prompt Database Links: select owner, db_link, username, host from dba_db_links order by owner,db_link,username / Prompt Synonym Links: select distinct owner, db_link from dba_synonyms where db_link is not null / Prompt Snapshot Links: select owner, name, replace(master_link,'@','') db_link from dba_snapshots where master_link is not null /
Identificar el segmento por DBA_extents usando file-id y block
SELECT segment_name, segment_type FROM dba_extents WHERE file_id = < file> AND <block> BETWEEN block_id and block_id + blocks - 1;
Listado de trabajos que se ejecutan desde DBMS_SCHEDULER
SET HEADING ON SET LINESIZE 300 SET PAGESIZE 60COLUMN owner FORMAT A20 SELECT owner, job_name, running_instance, elapsed_time FROM dba_scheduler_running_jobs ORDER BY owner, job_name /
Lista de información de trabajo de DBMS_SCHEDULER
SET HEADING ON SET LINESIZE 300 SET PAGESIZE 60 COLUMN owner FORMAT A20 COLUMN next_run_date FORMAT A35 SELECT owner, job_name, enabled, job_class, next_run_date FROM dba_scheduler_jobs ORDER BY owner, job_name /
Cómo obtener un plan histórico para SQL_ID de AWR
SET PAGESIZE 60
SET LINESIZE 300
SELECT * FROM TABLE(dbms_xplan.display_awr('&SQL_ID'))
/
Cómo hacer un análisis de espera de la base de datos
select event, state, count(*) from v$session_wait group by event, state order by 3 desc;
Cómo encontrar High Buffer obtiene sql
select * from (SELECT address, hash_value, buffer_gets, executions, buffer_gets/executions "Gets/Exec", sql_text FROM v$sqlarea WHERE buffer_gets > 500000 and executions>0 ORDER BY 3 desc) where rownum <20 ;
Esta lista de secuencias de comandos de dba de Oracle para la base de datos de Oracle con fines de supervisión no está completa. Hay muchos más scripts para monitorear. Los presentaré en publicaciones posteriores
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle_Database
